實驗室通風設計采用以下步驟和方案
日期：2018-12-07
來(lai)源：廣州佳鎂鏵實驗室設備有限公司
實驗室通風設計采用以下步驟和方案：
（1）實驗(yan)室(shi)根據(ju)工藝要求和(he)功能布置選擇一(yi)定數量(liang)(liang)的(de)通(tong)風(feng)柜(ju)，有的(de)還(huan)(huan)兼有部(bu)分(fen)局部(bu)排風(feng)罩。通(tong)常(chang)校(xiao)核下來(lai)換氣次數遠(yuan)遠(yuan)大于10次，一(yi)般在20-30次以上(shang)，滿足換氣次數要求。但是(shi)此換氣次數是(shi)按照通(tong)風(feng)柜(ju)最(zui)大開(kai)啟面(mian)積(ji)計算的(de)通(tong)風(feng)量(liang)(liang)，資(zi)料和(he)經驗(yan)表明100臺通(tong)風(feng)柜(ju)99%的(de)時間只(zhi)有18個或更少的(de)人在使用。故還(huan)(huan)應校(xiao)核通(tong)風(feng)柜(ju)最(zui)小開(kai)啟面(mian)積(ji)時的(de)通(tong)風(feng)量(liang)(liang)和(he)換氣次數，若小于換氣次數要求，則增加綜(zong)合排風(feng)系(xi)統。
（2）實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)通風(feng)(feng)采用全新(xin)風(feng)(feng)系統，通風(feng)(feng)柜的(de)(de)排(pai)氣不(bu)在(zai)室(shi)內循環。由(you)于實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)要求房(fang)間相對其他輔助(zhu)區域為負(fu)壓。所以實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)的(de)(de)新(xin)風(feng)(feng)量設計為排(pai)風(feng)(feng)量的(de)(de)70﹪-80﹪。另外20﹪-30﹪的(de)(de)新(xin)風(feng)(feng)送(song)至實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)輔助(zhu)房(fang)間、辦公、管理用房(fang)、內走道(dao)等，再由(you)門(men)窗縫隙補充(chong)到房(fang)間。
（3）通風(feng)(feng)柜的風(feng)(feng)量(liang)平衡可以采用(yong)(yong)定(ding)風(feng)(feng)量(liang)控(kong)制系統(tong)，即排風(feng)(feng)量(liang)恒定(ding)，送風(feng)(feng)量(liang)和門窗縫(feng)隙補充風(feng)(feng)量(liang)恒定(ding)。此(ci)方法適用(yong)(yong)于最大排風(feng)(feng)量(liang)滿(man)足最小換(huan)氣次數(shu)要求(qiu)的實驗(yan)室。
（4）對(dui)于(yu)排風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)遠大于(yu)最小(xiao)(xiao)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)要求的(de)(de)房間還可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)兩(liang)段式通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)保證風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)平衡，即根據通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜的(de)(de)位移信號，排風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)、送風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)有2種送風(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)況，低(di)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)工(gong)況應用(yong)于(yu)維持(chi)最小(xiao)(xiao)換氣次數的(de)(de)要求，節約能(neng)耗(hao)。此(ci)情(qing)形藥檢所采(cai)用(yong)了變(bian)(bian)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)時，排風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)也會(hui)相(xiang)對(dui)變(bian)(bian)小(xiao)(xiao)，此(ci)時要求放置在(zai)屋頂的(de)(de)排風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)隨著通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜柜門(men)的(de)(de)位置變(bian)(bian)化(hua)而變(bian)(bian)頻，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，保證通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜面風(feng)(feng)(feng)速恒定。同(tong)時自(zi)控系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)改變(bian)(bian)全新風(feng)(feng)(feng)風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)的(de)(de)頻率，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，維持(chi)負(fu)壓平衡。變(bian)(bian)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可以(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)能(neng)耗(hao)。系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)最大、最小(xiao)(xiao)換氣次數接近則考慮采(cai)用(yong)定風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，使得系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)簡單(dan)，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)初投資。
通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)除(chu)上文所(suo)述(shu)對通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)柜(ju)有特殊要(yao)求外(wai)，對其他設(she)備和控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)也有一定的要(yao)求和標(biao)準。通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)柜(ju)的選(xuan)擇除(chu)滿足排風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和捕捉(zhuo)能力(li)外(wai)，還要(yao)注意需要(yao)根據調節門移(yi)動(dong)而(er)立即改變風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量，維持表面風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速的恒定。筆者建議(yi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量的測(ce)定和控制(zhi)以柜(ju)門位移(yi)為信號而(er)不(bu)是(shi)測(ce)定表面風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速來測(ce)定。實驗(yan)室壓力(li)控制(zhi)和最小(xiao)通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量的控制(zhi)除(chu)了設(she)備選(xuan)型因(yin)(yin)素以外(wai)，通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)設(she)計和控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)是(shi)關鍵因(yin)(yin)素，要(yao)保證系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的反應時間(jian)要(yao)足夠短（<1秒），通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)不(bu)平衡(heng)會導致通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)柜(ju)排風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和捕捉(zhuo)能力(li)散失，氣流流出實驗(yan)室，建筑物內壓力(li)不(bu)穩定。
（1）實驗(yan)室(shi)根據(ju)工藝要求和(he)功能布置選擇一(yi)定數量(liang)(liang)的(de)通(tong)風(feng)柜(ju)，有的(de)還(huan)(huan)兼有部(bu)分(fen)局部(bu)排風(feng)罩。通(tong)常(chang)校(xiao)核下來(lai)換氣次數遠(yuan)遠(yuan)大于10次，一(yi)般在20-30次以上(shang)，滿足換氣次數要求。但是(shi)此換氣次數是(shi)按照通(tong)風(feng)柜(ju)最(zui)大開(kai)啟面(mian)積(ji)計算的(de)通(tong)風(feng)量(liang)(liang)，資(zi)料和(he)經驗(yan)表明100臺通(tong)風(feng)柜(ju)99%的(de)時間只(zhi)有18個或更少的(de)人在使用。故還(huan)(huan)應校(xiao)核通(tong)風(feng)柜(ju)最(zui)小開(kai)啟面(mian)積(ji)時的(de)通(tong)風(feng)量(liang)(liang)和(he)換氣次數，若小于換氣次數要求，則增加綜(zong)合排風(feng)系(xi)統。
（2）實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)通風(feng)(feng)采用全新(xin)風(feng)(feng)系統，通風(feng)(feng)柜的(de)(de)排(pai)氣不(bu)在(zai)室(shi)內循環。由(you)于實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)要求房(fang)間相對其他輔助(zhu)區域為負(fu)壓。所以實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)的(de)(de)新(xin)風(feng)(feng)量設計為排(pai)風(feng)(feng)量的(de)(de)70﹪-80﹪。另外20﹪-30﹪的(de)(de)新(xin)風(feng)(feng)送(song)至實(shi)(shi)(shi)驗室(shi)輔助(zhu)房(fang)間、辦公、管理用房(fang)、內走道(dao)等，再由(you)門(men)窗縫隙補充(chong)到房(fang)間。
（3）通風(feng)(feng)柜的風(feng)(feng)量(liang)平衡可以采用(yong)(yong)定(ding)風(feng)(feng)量(liang)控(kong)制系統(tong)，即排風(feng)(feng)量(liang)恒定(ding)，送風(feng)(feng)量(liang)和門窗縫(feng)隙補充風(feng)(feng)量(liang)恒定(ding)。此(ci)方法適用(yong)(yong)于最大排風(feng)(feng)量(liang)滿(man)足最小換(huan)氣次數(shu)要求(qiu)的實驗(yan)室。
（4）對(dui)于(yu)排風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)遠大于(yu)最小(xiao)(xiao)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)要求的(de)(de)房間還可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)兩(liang)段式通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)保證風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)平衡，即根據通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜的(de)(de)位移信號，排風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)、送風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)有2種送風(feng)(feng)(feng)工(gong)況，低(di)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)工(gong)況應用(yong)于(yu)維持(chi)最小(xiao)(xiao)換氣次數的(de)(de)要求，節約能(neng)耗(hao)。此(ci)情(qing)形藥檢所采(cai)用(yong)了變(bian)(bian)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)時，排風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)也會(hui)相(xiang)對(dui)變(bian)(bian)小(xiao)(xiao)，此(ci)時要求放置在(zai)屋頂的(de)(de)排風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)隨著通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜柜門(men)的(de)(de)位置變(bian)(bian)化(hua)而變(bian)(bian)頻，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，保證通(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜面風(feng)(feng)(feng)速恒定。同(tong)時自(zi)控系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)改變(bian)(bian)全新風(feng)(feng)(feng)風(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)的(de)(de)頻率，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，維持(chi)負(fu)壓平衡。變(bian)(bian)風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可以(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)能(neng)耗(hao)。系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)最大、最小(xiao)(xiao)換氣次數接近則考慮采(cai)用(yong)定風(feng)(feng)(feng)量(liang)(liang)(liang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，使得系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)簡單(dan)，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)初投資。
通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)除(chu)上文所(suo)述(shu)對通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)柜(ju)有特殊要(yao)求外(wai)，對其他設(she)備和控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)也有一定的要(yao)求和標(biao)準。通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)柜(ju)的選(xuan)擇除(chu)滿足排風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和捕捉(zhuo)能力(li)外(wai)，還要(yao)注意需要(yao)根據調節門移(yi)動(dong)而(er)立即改變風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量，維持表面風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速的恒定。筆者建議(yi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量的測(ce)定和控制(zhi)以柜(ju)門位移(yi)為信號而(er)不(bu)是(shi)測(ce)定表面風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)速來測(ce)定。實驗(yan)室壓力(li)控制(zhi)和最小(xiao)通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)量的控制(zhi)除(chu)了設(she)備選(xuan)型因(yin)(yin)素以外(wai)，通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)設(she)計和控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)是(shi)關鍵因(yin)(yin)素，要(yao)保證系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的反應時間(jian)要(yao)足夠短（<1秒），通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)不(bu)平衡(heng)會導致通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)柜(ju)排風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和捕捉(zhuo)能力(li)散失，氣流流出實驗(yan)室，建筑物內壓力(li)不(bu)穩定。
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